Query Flexibility
Packaged end. Compute is bounded — query timeouts (10 min in AEP's case), profile-volume limits, capped concurrency.
Composable end. Cloud data warehouses scale compute elastically. The same query that times out in a packaged CDP completes — at a measurable cost — in a CDW.
What it determines. Whether ad-hoc data science and exploration are part of the daily workflow, or whether they require off-platform extracts. For organizations with mature analytics/ML teams, the constraint is felt daily; for organizations without those teams, it may not surface for a long time.